Na mmepụta ụfụfụ polyurethane, iru usoro ụfụfụ achọrọ, njupụta, na ike igwe dabere na ọtụtụ ihe - n'ime haokpomọkụ ihenaokpomọkụ gburugburubụ abụọ n'ime ihe kacha mkpa. Ịghọta otu paramita okpomọkụ ndị a si emetụtammeghachi omume nke polyurethane foamdị oke mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe ịdị mma, mmepụta ihe, na arụmọrụ ọnụ ahịa na-adịgide adịgide.
1. Mkpa nke Njikwa Okpomọkụ na Ụfụfụ Polyurethane
Iheusoro ịfụ ụfụfụ polyurethanegụnyere usoro mgbagwoju anya nke mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ exothermic dị n'etitipolyols, isocyanates, mmiri, naihe na-akpali polyurethaneMmeghachi omume ndị a na-emepụta okpomọkụ, gas CO₂, ma mechaa mepụta usoro ụfụfụ sel.
Ha abụọokpomọkụ ihe(okpomọkụ nke polyol na isocyanate tupu agwakọta) naokpomọkụ gburugburu(gburugburu ebe gbara ya gburugburu n'oge a na-afụ ụfụfụ na mgbe a na-agwọ ya) na-emetụta ọsọ mmeghachi omume, nhazi sel, mmụba ụfụfụ, na njirimara ọgwụgwọ.
2. Mmetụta nke Okpomọkụ Ihe na Arụmọrụ Ụfụfụ
Ịnọgide na-enwe ezi ucheokpomọkụ ihedị oke mkpa tupu agwakọta ihe ndị mejupụtara ya.
- Okpomọkụ ihe dị ala (<18°C): Mgbe polyol ma ọ bụ isocyanate dị oke oyi, mmeghachi omume ahụ na-adị nwayọ. Ụfụfụ ahụ nwere ike ịrị elu nwayọ nwayọ, gosipụta mkpụrụ ndụ na-adịghị nhata, ma ọ bụ ọbụna daa n'ihi mmeghachi omume na-ezughị ezu. Ihe oyi na-emekwa ka viscosity dịkwuo elu, na-ebute ngwakọta na-adịghị mma na udidi ụfụfụ na-adịghị mma.
- Okpomọkụ dị elu nke ihe (>25°C): Ịkpo oke ọkụ na-eme ka mmeghachi omume ahụ dịkwuo ngwa ngwa, na-ebelata oge ude na oge ịrị elu. Nke a nwere ike ibute nhazi sel siri ike, ntụpọ elu, na mgbawa nrụgide dị n'ime ụfụfụ ahụ.
Maka ọtụtụ mmadụsistemụ ụfụfụ polyurethane, akwadoro yaokpomọkụ iheoke dị20–25°Ciji hụ na ngwakọta otu, ọnụego mmeghachi omume kacha mma, na mmụba ụfụfụ kwụsiri ike.
3. Mmetụta nke Okpomọkụ Gburugburu na Ụfụfụ na Ọgwụgwọ
Iheokpomọkụ gburugburun'ógbè mmepụta ihe na-arụkwa ọrụ dị mkpa naịdị mma nke ụfụfụ polyurethane.
- Okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị ala (<15°C): Mbelata okpomọkụ na gburugburu ebe obibi na-ebelata mmeghachi omume ụfụfụ, na-eme ka oge enweghị ihe mgbochi na mgbawa dịkwuo elu. Ụfụfụ ahụ nwere ike iyi ka ọ siri ike ma sie ike n'ihi mbelata mgbasa nke CO₂.
- Oke okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi (>30°C)Okpomọkụ gabigara ókè nwere ike ibute gelling tupu oge eruo, mgbasawanye na-ezughị ezu, na ntụpọ mkpụrụ ndụ mepere emepe. N'iji ụfụfụ polyurethane (SPF) fesa, okpomọkụ dị elu nwere ike ibute nrapado na-adịghị mma na nkwụsi ike na-adịghị mma.
Ụlọ anụ ụlọokpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị n'etiti 20–25°Cna obere iru mmiri na-eme ka o kwe omume nammeghachi omume nke polyurethane foamna-aga n'ihu n'otu aka ahụ nakwa na ụfụfụ ikpeazụ na-egosipụta njupụta na ọdịnaya nke mkpụrụ ndụ mechiri emechi.
4. Nhazi Okpomọkụ na Nhọrọ nke Ihe Mmelite
Mgbanwe okpomọkụ anaghị emetụta ọsọ mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ kamakwa ọ na-emetụta arụmọrụ nkeihe mkpali polyurethaneIhe ndị na-akpali akpali dịka thiertiary amines na organometallic compounds na-achịkwa nguzozi dị n'etitimmeghachi omume ịfụ ọkụ(mmiri-isocyanate) nammeghachi omume gelling(polyol-isocyanate).
N'okpomọkụ dị ala, mmeghachi omume ahụ na-ebelata, naihe na-akpali amine dị elu(dị kaMXC-A1ma ọ bụ MXC-5) nwere ike ịkwụghachi ụgwọ maka obere mmeghachi omume.
Na oke okpomọkụ, aihe mkpali nhazi ma ọ bụ igbu oge(dị kaMXC-B20ma ọ bụ MXC-TMA) nwere ike inyere aka ịnọgide na-enwe otu mmụba ma belata ntụpọ elu.
Kwesịrị Ekwesịnjikwa okpomọkụ jikọtara ya na ihe mkpali polyurethane kwesịrị ekwesịna-eme ka a na-ahụ na ụfụfụ na-agbanwe agbanwe ọbụlagodi n'ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche.
5. Ndụmọdụ Bara Uru Maka Njikwa Okpomọkụ na Mmepụta Ụfụfụ PU
- Ihe ndị e ji ekpo ọkụruo n'ókè kachasị mma (20-25°C) tupu agwakọta ya.
- Nọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ ụlọ kwụsiri iken'ebe a na-afụ ụfụfụ site na njikwa ihu igwe ma ọ bụ mkpuchi.
- Zere mgbanwe okpomọkụ ngwa ngwanke na-akpata njupụta ụfụfụ na-adịghị mma.
- Nyochaa profaịlụ mmeghachi omumemgbe niile iji gbanwee usoro ihe mkpali mgbe okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche.
- Hụ na nchekwa kwesịrị ekwesị dịnke ihe ndị e ji arụ ọrụ — karịsịa isocyanates — iji gbochie mmịpụta mmiri na mgbanwe viscosity.
6. Mmechi
Ha abụọokpomọkụ ihenaokpomọkụ gburugburubụ paramita dị mkpa na-emetụtaụfụfụ polyurethaneỊdị mma. Njikwa okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị na-eme ka mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ kwụsie ike, na-eme ka arụmọrụ mkpali dịkwuo mma, ma na-emepụta ụfụfụ nwere njupụta na-agbanwe agbanwe, nhazi sel otu, na ihe onwunwe igwe dị elu.
At Ihe Ọhụrụ Mingxuanyị na-enye ọtụtụ ihe dị iche icheihe na-akpali polyurethaneemelitere maka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche na usoro ụfụfụ. Ma ị na-emepụtaụfụfụ polyurethane siri ike, na-agbanwe agbanwe, ma ọ bụ nke a na-agba, ihe mkpali anyị na-enweghị mwepụta, na-esi isi dị ala na-enye arụmọrụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya ma na-enyere gị aka ịnọgide na-enwe ịdị mma ngwaahịa dị elu n'okpuru gburugburu ebe mmepụta ọ bụla.
Oge ozi: Ọktoba-15-2025